Optimization Framework for Maximizing Network Capacity of LoRaWAN

The Internet of Things (IoT) enables the collection, interpretation, and processing of valuable real-world data. The number of IoT devices has increased exponentially, with projections estimating it will reach 80 billion by 2025. LoRaWAN (Long Range Wide Area Network), a widely deployed protocol for IoT networks, is notable for its operation over unlicensed ISM bands, providing an economical solution for long-range communication. Nonetheless, optimizing the network capacity of LoRaWAN remains a significant challenge. In this paper, we propose an optimization framework designed to maximize the network capacity of LoRaWAN, which encompasses three key implementation aspects: (1) Resource allocation and coordination, (2) Enhanced gateway placement model, and (3) Multi-hop communication protocol. These optimization strategies collectively enhance the efficient and scalable deployment of LoRaWAN in smart city applications, ensuring robust and reliable communication for the rapidly growing IoT ecosystem.